"Skinput" turns body into touchscreen interface
(Tapping on arm allows users to scroll through menus and select options)







Touchscreens may be popular both in science fiction and real life as the symbol of next-gen technology, but an innovation called Skinput suggests the true interface of the future might be us.


Microsoft and Carnegie Mellon University unveiled Skinput recently, showing how it can turn your own body into a touchscreen interface.


Skinput uses a series of sensors to track where a user taps on his arm. Previous attempts at using projected interfaces used motion-tracking to determine where a person taps.

Skinput uses a different and novel technique: It "listens" to the vibrations in your body.


Tapping on different parts of your arm creates different kinds of vibrations depending on the amount and shape of bones, tendons and muscle in that specific area. Skinput sensors can track those vibrations using an armband and discern where the user tapped.


"Accuracy is already good, in the high 90s percent accuracy for finger input," said project team member Chris Harrison, from Carnegie Mellon's Human-Computer Interaction Institute.


"The arm band is a crude prototype,” Harrison said. “The next generation could be made considerably smaller – likely easily fitting into a wristwatch."

To Know about the basic of DBMS......

QUESTION :What is database?

ANSWER:

A database is a logically coherent collection of data with some inherent meaning, representing some aspect of real world and which is designed, built and populated with data for a specific purpose.

QUESTION :What is DBMS?

ANSWER:

1. Redundancy is controlled.
2. Unauthorised access is restricted.
3. Providing multiple user interfaces.
4. Enforcing integrity constraints.
5. Providing backup and recovery.

QUESTION :What is a Database system?

ANSWER:

The database and DBMS software together is called as Database system.

QUESTION :Disadvantage in File Processing System?

ANSWER:

1. Data redundancy & inconsistency.
2.Difficult in accessing data.
3. Data isolation.
4.Data integrity.
5.Concurrent access is not possible.
6. Security Problems. .

QUESTION :Describe the three levels of data abstraction?

ANSWER:

The are three levels of abstraction:
Physical level: The lowest level of abstraction describes how data are stored.

Logical level: The next higher level of abstraction, describes what data are stored in database and what relationship among those data.

View level: The highest level of abstraction describes only part of entire database.

QUESTION :Define the "integrity rules"?

ANSWER:

There are two Integrity rules.

Entity Integrity: States that Primary key cannot have NULL value.

Referential Integrity: States that Foreign Key can be either a NULL value or should be Primary Key value of other relation.

QUESTION :What is extension and intension?

ANSWER:

Extension -It is the number of tuples present in a table at any instance. This is time dependent.
Intension - It is a constant value that gives the name, structure of table and the constraints laid on it.

QUESTION :What is System R? What are its two major subsystems?

ANSWER:

System R was designed and developed over a period of 1974-79 at IBM San Jose Research Center . It is a prototype and its purpose was to demonstrate that it is possible to build a Relational System that can be used in a real life environment to solve real life problems, with performance at least comparable to that of existing system.

Its two subsystems are

*Research Storage.
* System Relational Data System.

QUESTION :How is the data structure of System R different from the relational structure?

ANSWER:

Unlike Relational systems in System R
* Domains are not supported
* Enforcement of candidate key uniqueness is optional
* Enforcement of entity integrity is optional
* Referential integrity is not enforced

QUESTION :What is Data Independence?

ANSWER:

Data independence means that the application is independent of the storage structure and access strategy of data*. In other words, The ability to modify the schema definition in one level should not affect the schema definition in the next higher level.

Two types of Data Independence:

*Physical Data Independence : Modification in physical level should not affect the logical level.

* Logical Data Independence : Modification in logical level should affect the view level.

NOTE: Logical Data Independence is more difficult to achieve

hai ....guys....